Issue : 01 DOI :
INTERNATIONAL
JOURNAL
OF
DIAGNOSTICS
AND
RESEARCH
Volume : 02
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50
Abstract
In Ayurveda, Ahara is considered as one among Trayo-upasthamba which supports Deha, where
Ahara is mentioned in the beginning which signifies the importance of Ahara. The conversion of
heterogenous Panchabautika Ahara to homogenous components takes place by the process of
digestion with the help of Agni. . Any changes in these stages lead to the formation of diseases.The
process of digestion takes place in various stages and during every stage, there are changes in the
composition of Ahara dravyas under the influence of the Jathragni which participate & regulate the
course of digestion, These changes refer the Avasthapaka which takes place in 3 stages, namely
Madhura Avasthapaka, Amla Avasthapaka, and Katu Avasthapaka further lead to the formation and
balancing of Kapha Dosha,Pitta Dosha and Vata Dosha respectively.
Keywords : Dosha, Avasthapaka, Ahara, Rasa, Agni
Corresponding author: Dr. Vidya Pandikode
Article Info: Published on : 15/10/2024
P
Publisher
ROGANIDAN VIKRUTIVIGYAN PG ASSOCIATION
FOR PATHOLOGY AND RADIODIGNOSIS
DOI
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Reg. No. : MAHA-703/16(NAG)
Year of Establishment – 2016
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTICS AND RESEARCH
A Comprehensive Analysis Of Impact Of Trividha Avasthapaka On Imbalance
Of Dosha
Dr. Vidya Pandikode
1
, Dr. Ujwala Pawar
2
1
PG Scholar Dept. of Roga Nidana Government Ayurved College , Nanded.
2
Professor & HOD Dept. of Roga Nidana Government Ayurved College , Nanded.
Cite this article as: - Dr. Vidya Pandikode (2024) ; A Comprehensive analysis of impact of Trividha Avasthapaka on imbalance of
Dosha; Inter.J.Dignostics and Research 2 (1) 50-54, DOI: 1 0 . 5 2 8 1 / z e n o d o . 1 3 9 3 6 8 5 8
G
A
R
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Issue : 01
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTICS AND RESEARCH [ISSN No.: 2584-2757]
Volume : 02
Copyright @ : - Dr.Vidya Pandikode Inter. J.Digno. and Research IJDRMSID00029 |ISSN :2584-2757
51
Introduction:
Ahara plays an important role in maintaining a good
energy level. The one who consumes proper food
becomes capable of nourishing the Deha Dhatu,
promoting Oja, Bala, and Varna, only in the presence
of normal functioning of Agni.
[1]
Ahara has Shad Rasa
undergoes Pachana at different levels in order to
nourish Dhatu. The food consumed by mouth
undergoes a process of digestion, metabolism, and
`assimilation. Agni, Samana Vayu, Pachaka Pitta, and
Kledaka Kapha play a very important role in
digestion. Samana Vayu, present near the site of Agni
stimulates the Pachaka Pitta for digestion and
separation of food. Kledaka Kapha helps in softening
the food materials. In Ayurveda, the whole process of
digestion is termed as Avasthapaka and it takes place
in 3 stages namely Madhura Avasthapaka, Amla
Avasthapaka, and Katu Avasthapaka, which leads to
Udirana of Prakruta Kapha, Pitta, and Vata Dosha
respectively. Any dearrangement of Avasthapaka
leads to imbalance of Dosha which may produce
various diseases.
Avasthapaka :
Avastha- Dasha or Kaal vishesh Dasha .
Paka- means Pachanam changes taken by
Agni.
Paka is the digestion of ingested food material. It
involves a change in the form, structure, and taste of
ingested materials. When food is ingested, it has to be
digested to get absorbed. In the Ayurveda concept of
digestion, every food particle undergoes a common
path of 3 stages.Each of these 3 stages through which
every food particle has to pass while getting digested
is called Avasthapaka. Each of these stages is denoted
by Rasa. Prana, with its power of attraction, draws the
ingested food into the Koshta. This food gets softened
by an unctuous substance after which it gets split into
smaller particles by liquid (saliva). Thereafter the Agni
located in Udara gets stimulated by Samana Vayu.
The Agni stimulated by Vayu helps in the digestion of
food of appropriate quality taken in the required
quantity and at right time for the promotion of
longevity.
[2]
Jatharagni Paka or digestion of food has
been described under Avasthapaka as a change in the
state or form of food substances taking place. Even
though the Pachaka Pitta is stated to digest the food,
Tridosha takes part in this process. Prathama
Avasthapaka takes place in Urdwa Amashaya
,Dwithiya Avasthapaka takes place in Adho Amashaya
and Trithiya in Pakwashaya. During this stage
Madhura, Amla, and Katu become dominant in each
phase of digestion, on this basis it is classified into 3
phases:
•Madhura Avasthapaka- predominant of Kapha
Dosha
• Amla Avasthapaka-predominant of Pitta Dosha
• Katu Avasthapaka-predominant of Vata Dosha
Figure 1: Doshas in Ahara Pachan
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1.Madhura Avasthapaka: Formation of Kapha
Dosha :
Even though the ingested food contains six Rasas,
the first stage of digestion is Madhura
Paka.
[4]
During this stage, the ingested food is
subjected to the initial phase of digestion where
digestion takes place in Urdwa Amashaya. As soon
as the food consisting of Shad Rasa is taken,
sweetness (Madhura bhava) is manifested resulting
in the Udirana of Phenabhuta Kapha.Here
Madhura Rasa is subjected to Paka as it is
predominant of Prithvi and Jala Mahabhuta. 1st
stage of digestion gives rise to Kapha Dosha and
Madhura Rasa
2.Amla Avasthapaka: Formation of Pitta Dosha:
Madhura Avasthapaka takes place in Urdwa
Amashaya whereas the Amla Avasthapaka takes
place in Adho Amashaya.
[6]
Amla Rasa has
predominance of Teja and Jala Mahabhuta.
Jataragni acts on food, which is already made into
small fragments by teeth and breaks it into
Panchabauthika components due to Teja and Jala
Mahabhuta.They together constitute Amla Rasa and
Pitta Dosha. The Madhuribhava of Avasthapaka
seems to be ended by Amlatwa of Pachaka Pitta.
The partly digested food of Madhura Avasthapaka
moves into Adho Amashaya and enters into
Amlapaka. During this process of digestion, the
food remains in Vidhagda form which results in the
formation of Amlabhava in Pachyamanashaya and
Udirana of Pitta takes place. The second stage of
digestion gives rise to Pitta Dosha and Amla Rasa.
3.Katu Avasthapaka: Formation of Vata Dosha :
The partly digested food is propelled from Adho
Amashaya to Pakwashaya for the completion of
digestion. When the food product reaches
Pakwashaya, it gets further digested and
dehydrated by Agni and it takes a bolus form
resulting in Katu, which stimulates Vata. This stage
occurs due to the separation of Akasha and Vayu
Mahabhuta. They together constitute Katu Rasa
and Vata Dosha. So, the third stage of digestion
because of Katu Bhava leads to the originaion of
Vata Dosha.
Stages of Avasthapaka:
Figure 2: Stages of Avasthapaka
Discussion :
The Doshas are always there in body, but they keep
undergoing imbalances. They need to be supported and
brought back to balance for functions of body to run
smoothly. Ahara that we take during various phases of
digestion helps in formation of Doshas. Ahara we take
regularly and subsequently keep nurturing and balancing
Doshas in body. Avasthapaka (the process of digestion)
includes Madhura Avasthapaka, Amla Avasthapaka and
Katu Avasthapaka. Madhura Avasthapaka occur in
Amashaya (from oral cavity to stomach), Amla
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Avasthapaka occur in Grahani (small intestine) and
Katu Avasthapaka occur in Pakwashya (large
intestine).)Ahara containing Shada Rasa, undergo
digestion irrespective of the qualities such as Madhura,
Amla, Lavana, Katu, Tikta, Kashaya. Kapha Dosha
Udirana takes place during the Madhura Avasthapaka,
Pitta Dosha and Vata Dosha Udirana take place during
Amla and Katu Avasthapaka respectively.Madhura Rasa
in Koshtha located above Hridya, replenishes Kapha
Dosha and contributes to Shareera Bala. Amla Rasa
expressly located between Nabhi and Hridya and by
default Pitta gets replenished there. Katu Rasa
particularly located below Nabhi Pradesha and by
default Vata gets replenished there.
[8]
Overview of Avasthapaka:
Table No.1 : Overview of Avasthapaka:
Avasthapaka
Madhur
Avasthapak
a
Amla
Avasthap
ka
Katu
Avastha
paka
Avastha
Pratham
Dwitiya
Trutiya
Sthan
Amashaya
(Mukha to
Urdhwa
Amashaya)
Grahani
(Adho
Amashay
a to
Grahani)
Pakwas
haya
Kaal
Bhojanottar
3-3 1/2 hrs
Bhijanott
ar 6-6 1/2
hrs
Bhojano
ttar 12
hrs
Vighatak
Mahabhut
Prithvi and
Jala
Teja
Vaayu
and
Akasha
Rasa Utpatti
Madhur
Amla
Katu
Dosha
Udirana
Kapha
Pitta
Vata
Sharirdrishy
a Lakshanas
Alasya,Man
data,Supti,T
rupti,Mukh
madhurya
KwachitA
lpaPrama
nat
Antakosht
hat Daha
Utsaha,
Agnisan
dhuksha
na
When the person excessively indulges in Kaphakara
Ahara, Madhura Avasthapaka predominates. Ati
Sampurna, Ati Madhura, Sheetha Snigdha, Avyayma,
Divaswapna, Sheshmakara Ahara, Achintya leads to the
production of excessive Kapha Dosha leads to excessive
nourishment leading to Vridhi of Medo Dhatu results in
Sthoulya.
[9]
In this way excessive production of Kapha
Dosha in Madhur Avasthapaka may produce Kaphaja
Vyadhi. Pitta generated due to increased or prolonged
Vidaha Avastha of digestion by excessive Amla nature
of Pitta is termed as Amlapitta. Patients with Amlapitta
indulge in Virudha Bhojana, Vikritha Bhojana,
Athyadika Amla, and Vidhaha Anna resulting in
digestion predominating with Amla Avasthapaka.
Altered Amla Avasathapaka causes Amlapitta.
[10]
In this
way excessive production of Pitta Dosha in Amla
Avasthapaka may produce Pittaja Vyadhi. If the person
excessively indulges in Vishamashana, Ruksha Ahara
Athilanghana, Rathri Jagarana, Ati Vyayama, Vega
Dharana, Chinthya leads to Vata Dosha aggravation and
disturbance of Katu Avasthapaka leading to Dhushana
of Apaana Vata resulting Vibhanda.
[11]
In this way
excessive production of Vata Dosha in Katu
Avasthapaka may produce Vataja Vyadhi.
Conclusion:
Thus, there is no doubt that we carry Dosha
predominance in our constitution and we inherit them
right from moment of conception.There is also no doubt
that Doshas already exist in our body right from
beginning of our lives. But these Doshas are functional
entities of our system. They are used and done during
day long activities. They may go out of balance while
getting involved in lot of activities in body. They may
also undergo proportional, qualitative and quantitative
imbalance, not only individually but also in comparison
to other Doshas.Aharapaka occurs at different stages of
Avasthapaka, in each stage, specific Bhava
predominates leading to the formation of Dosha.
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In Madhura, Amla and Katu Avasthapaka Madhura,
Amla and Katu Rasas predominates and results in
Udirana of Kapha, Pitta and Vata Doshas respectively.
These maintain physiological homeostasis. If this
physiological homeostasis is disturbed then it leads to
Vaishamya of Doshas, which play a definite role in the
Samprapti (pathogenesis), leading manifestation of
Vyadhi.
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